Dermal Skin Layers

Skin is the outer covering of the body. In humans, it is the largest organ of the integumentary system. The skin has multiple layers of ectodermal tissue and guards the underlying muscles, bones, ligaments and internal organs.

Because skin interfaces with the environment, it plays a key role in protecting (the body) against pathogens and excessive water loss. Its other functions are insulation, temperature regulation, sensation, synthesis of vitamin D, and the protection of vitamin B folates. Severely damaged skin will try to heal by forming scar tissue. This is often discolored and depigmented.In humans, skin pigmentation varies among populations, and skin type can range from dry to oily.

Skin is composed of three primary layers:

• epidermis, which provides waterproofing and serves as a barrier to infection.
• dermis, which serves as a location for the appendages of skin.
• hypodermis (subcutaneous adipose layer).

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